NOXA20小编整理甲状腺癌如何预防复发？

据印度代购了解，近年来甲状腺癌的发病率疾速上升。固然多为乳头状癌，预后较好，但由于复发，再手术率增加，远处转移并不少见。那么，如何有效预防甲状腺癌的复发和转移呢?

According to Daigou India, the incidence of thyroid cancer has risen rapidly in recent years. Although mostly papillary carcinoma, prognosis is good, but due to recurrence, reoperation rate increases, distant metastasis is not uncommon. So, how to effectively prevent the recurrence and metastasis of thyroid cancer?

　　据印度代购了解，首先，确诊之后要做彻底的手术。目前，越来越多的手术办法是单叶甲状腺全切除或全切除，另一叶甲状腺次全切除加中央淋巴结打扫，而保存单叶的手术办法逐步减少。前者消弭了腺体潜在的多灶性和微转移。关于有桥本病背景的甲状腺癌，即便是单个微小癌，也倡议行甲状腺全切除术。

　　据印度代购了解，其次，术后碘131之内映照放射性核素靶向治疗。甲状腺癌的一个特性是它特别擅长埋伏性甲状腺癌。在甲状腺组织之中停顿周期长，多为双侧、小而多灶，易发作部分器官进犯和部分淋巴结转移。因而，术后应用碘-131肃清剩余甲状腺是必要的。此外，碘-131治疗更有利于经过全身碘-131显像和血清甲状腺球蛋白程度监测甲状腺癌。研讨标明，单纯手术切除术之后甲状腺癌复发率是手术切除加放射性碘131甲状腺切除术之后复发率的3～5倍。

　　据印度代购了解，三是标准甲状腺素抑止治疗并定期复查。服用甲状腺素不只能替代切除甲状腺的功用，还能在较低程度之上抑止TSH，从而有效减少甲状腺癌的复发和转移。但是，TSH越低越好。长期低程度的TSH会显著增加骨质疏松的风险，特别是绝经之后妇女;此之外，还会增加心肌耗氧量，促进心绞痛，以至心肌梗死，老年患者应慎重控制。除高危人群之外，中低危人群TSH应控制在较低或较高程度。定期复查甲状腺功用、甘油三酯、甘油三酯抗体、颈部B超及胸部CT，对指导用药和监测复发是十分必要的。

According to the understanding of India Daigou, the third is standard thyroxine inhibition treatment and regular review. Taking thyroxine can not only replace the function of thyroid resection, but also inhibit TSH to a low degree, thus effectively reducing the recurrence and metastasis of thyroid cancer. However, the lower the TSH, the better. Long-term low levels of TSH significantly increase the risk of osteoporosis, especially in postmenopausal women; In addition, can increase oxygen consumption of myocardium, promote angina pectoris, down to myocardial infarction, elderly patients should be carefully controlled. In addition to high-risk groups, TSH should be controlled at a low or high level in medium-low risk groups. Regular examination of thyroid function, triglyceride, triglyceride antibody, neck B ultrasound and chest CT is very necessary to guide medication and monitor recurrence.