诊断前列腺癌需要哪些检查?

印度代购科普：诊断前列腺癌需要哪些检查?

临床诊断前列腺癌主要依靠直肠指诊、血清PSA、经直肠前列腺超声和盆腔MRI检查，CT对诊断早期前列腺癌的敏感性低于MRI。因前列腺癌骨转移率较高，在决定治疗方案前通常还要进行核素骨扫描检查。确诊前列腺癌需要通过前列腺穿刺活检进行病理检查。

Clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer mainly relies on digital rectal examination, serum PSA, transrectal prostate ultrasound and pelvic MRI. CT is less sensitive than MRI in diagnosing early prostate cancer. Due to the high rate of bone metastasis in prostate cancer, a radionuclide bone scan is usually performed before treatment decisions are made. Diagnosis of prostate cancer requires pathological examination by needle biopsy of the prostate.

前列腺癌的恶性程度可通过组织学分级进行评估，最常用的是Gleason评分系统，依据前列腺癌组织中主要结构区和次要结构区的评分之和将前列腺癌的恶性程度划分为2～10分，分化最好的是1+1=2分，最差的是5+5=10分。

The degree of malignancy of prostate cancer can be assessed by histological grading. The most commonly used is the Gleason score system, which divides the degree of malignancy of prostate cancer into 2-10 points based on the sum of the scores of the primary and secondary structural areas in the prostate cancer tissue. The most differentiated is 1+1=2 points, and the least differentiated is 5+5=10 points.