多发性骨髓瘤进口抗癌药——如爱施健制药马法兰(Melphalan)服用可能出现的不良反应

印度代购提示，本品不良反应：

美法仑最常见的不良反应是骨髓抑制，可导致白细胞和血小板减少。高达30%的病人在口服常规剂量美法仑后，出现胃肠道不适，包括恶心和呕吐，使用常规剂量美法仑罕见胃炎发生，而接受高剂量静注美法仑有增加腹泻、呕吐和胃炎发生的可能。有报道称使用环磷酰胺前驱治疗可降低美法仑诱导的胃肠道损伤。偶有患者接受数月以上治疗，出现美法仑过敏反应，例如：荨麻疹、水肿、皮疹和过敏性休克，另有二例出现心脏停顿，但此副作用是否因美法仑引起仍未证实，斑丘疹和搔痒也偶有报道，曾有病例显示，在使用美法仑后，出现肺纤维化和出血性贫血，有脱发的报道，但不普遍。

The most common adverse reaction to mephalen is myelosuppression, which can lead to leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Gastrointestinal discomfort, including nausea and vomiting, occurs in up to 30% of patients with routine oral mefalen, and gastritis is rare with routine mefalen, while the likelihood of diarrhea, vomiting and gastritis is increased with high intravenous mefalen. Treatment with cyclophosphamide precursors has been reported to reduce melphalan-induced gastrointestinal injury. Occasionally, patients who have received more than a few months of treatment develop an allergic reaction to mefalen, such as: Urticaria, edema, rash, anaphylactic shock, and cardiac arrest in two cases, but whether this side effect was caused by Mephalen has not been confirmed. Maculopapules and itching have also been occasionally reported. Pulmonary fibrosis and hemorrhagic anemia have been reported after mephalen use, and hair loss has been reported, but not generally.