印度代购科普：什么是黑色素瘤病症？

印度代购科普：什么是黑色素瘤病症？

黑色素瘤，通常是指恶性黑色素瘤，是黑色素细胞来源的一种高度恶性的肿瘤，简称恶黑，多发作于皮肤，也可见于黏膜和内脏，约占全部肿瘤的3%。皮肤恶性黑色素瘤占皮肤恶性肿瘤的第三位(约占6.8%~20%)。好发于成人，皮肤白净的白种人发病率高，而深色皮肤的亚洲人和非洲人发病率较低，极少见于儿童。局部患者有家族性多发现象。 恶性黑色素瘤可由先天性或取得性良性黑素细胞痣演化而成，或由发育不良性痣恶变而来，也能够是新发作。近年来，恶性黑色素瘤的发作率和死亡率逐年升高，与其他实体瘤相比，其致死年龄更低。恶性黑色素瘤除早期手术切除外，缺乏特效治疗，预后差。因而，恶性黑色素瘤的早期诊断和治疗极端重要。

Melanoma, usually refers to malignant melanoma, is a highly malignant tumor derived from melanocytes, referred to as malignant melanocytes, mostly occurring in the skin, but also visible in the mucosa and viscera, accounting for about 3% of all tumors. Skin melanoma was the third most common skin malignancy (6.8%~20%). It occurs most frequently in adults, with a high incidence in fair-skinned caucasians and a low incidence in dark-skinned Asians and Africans, and is rarely seen in children. Local patients have familial multiplicity. Malignant melanomas may arise from congenital or acquired benign melanocytic nevi, or from malevolent dysplastic nevi, or may be new. In recent years, the incidence and mortality rate of malignant melanoma have been increasing year by year, and the death age of malignant melanoma is lower than that of other solid tumors. Except for early surgical resection, malignant melanoma lacks special treatment and has poor prognosis. Therefore, the early diagnosis and treatment of malignant melanoma is extremely important.